1. By selling 32 articles, a shopkeeper gains the selling price of 12 articles. His gain percentage is∶ 

32 वस्तुओं को बेचने पर, एक दुकानदार को 12 वस्तुओं का विक्रय मूल्य लाभ के रूप में प्राप्त होता है। उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?


Option”C” is correct

On selling 32 articles gain is equal to selling price 12 articles.

Formula Used:

Gain = SP – CP

Gain percent = Gain/CP × 100

Calculation:

According to the question,

⇒ Selling price of 32 articles = Cost price of 32 articles + Selling price of 12 articles

⇒ 32SP = 32CP + 12SP

⇒ 20SP = 32CP

⇒ 5SP = 8CP

SP = 8 and CP = 5 

Gain = SP – CP

⇒ Gain = 8 – 5 = 3

Percent gain = Gain/CP × 100

⇒ Percent gain = 3/5 × 100

⇒ Percent gain = 60%

∴ His percent gain is 60%.

2. A product, whose MRP is Rs 978 , is sold for Rs 925 by a wholesale shop owner. What is the percentage of discount given by him?

एक उत्पाद, जिसकी एमआरपी 978 रुपये है, एक थोक दुकान के मालिक द्वारा 925 रुपये में बेचा जाता है।
उसके द्वारा दी गई छूट प्रतिशत कितनी है?


Option”C” is correct

marked price of product = Rs 978

Selling price = Rs 925

Formula Used:

Discount = mp – sp 

discount% = (discount/mp) × 100 

Calculation: 

Discount% = [(978 – 925)/978] × 100 = 5.41% 

∴ the percentage of discount given by him is 5.4% 

3. Apoorv bought 26 kg of apples for Rs.2,340. He sold them at a profit equal to the selling price of 6 kg of apples. The selling price of apples per kg, was:

अपूर्व ने 2,340 रुपये में 26 किलोग्राम सेब खरीदें। उसने उन्हें 6 किलोग्राम सेब के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर लाभ पर बेच दिया। तो प्रति किलोग्राम सेब का विक्रय मूल्य था ज्ञात कीजिए:


Option”C” is correct

Cost price of 26kg apples = Rs.2340

Formula:

Profit = Selling price – cost price

Calculation:

Cost price of 26 kg apples = Rs.2340

Let selling price of 1 kg apple be Rs.a.

Selling price of 6kg apples = Rs.6a

Profit after selling 26kg apples = Rs.6a

Selling price of 26kg apples = Rs.26a

Then,

⇒ 6a = 26a – 2340

⇒ a = 117

∴ Selling price of 1 kg apple is Rs.117.

4. An article was sold at a loss of 12%. If it was sold for Rs. 630 more, then there would have been a gain of 6%. Find the cost price of the article. 

एक वस्तु 12% की हानि पर बेची गई। यदि इसे 630 अधिक रुपये में बेचा गया होता, तो 6% का लाभ होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।


Option”A” is correct

Selling price of article = Rs 630 

Formula used 

Cost price = (selling price)/(100 + profit%) × 100

Calculation 

Let the cost price of article 100x 

Sell at 12% loss  = 88x 

Sell at 6% gain = 106x 

106x – 88x = 630 

⇒ x = 630/18 = 35 

⇒ 100x = 100 × 35 = 3500 

∴ The cost price of article is Rs 3500

5.X buys a scooter for Rs. 40,000 and spends Rs. 5,000 on its repair. He sells it for ₹ 54,000. What is the gain percent?

X एक स्कूटर को 40,000 रुपये मे खरीदता है और इसकी मरम्मत पर 5,000 रुपये लगाता है। वह इसे 54,000 रुपये में बेचता है। तो इसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?


Option”B” is correct

X buys a scooter for Rs. 40,000 and spends Rs. 5,000 on its repair.

He sells it for ₹ 54,000.

Formula used:

Profit% = {(SP – CP)/CP} × 100

where,

SP = Selling price

CP = Cost price

Calculation:

Total CP = 40,000 + 5,000 = Rs. 45,000

SP = Rs. 54,000

Profit% = {(SP – CP)/CP} × 100

⇒ {(54,000 – 45,000)/45,000} × 100

⇒ (9,000/45,000) × 100

⇒ 20%

∴ The gain% is 20%.

6. A dealer marks his goods at 30% above the cost price. Then he allows 35% discount on it. What would be his loss percentage?

एक व्यापारी अपनी वस्तु पर क्रय मूल्य से 30% अधिक अंकित करता है। फिर वह उस पर 35% की छूट देता है। उसका हानि प्रतिशत क्या होगा?


Option”A” is correct

The dealer marks goods by 30% above the cost price 

He gives a discount of 35% while selling. 

Concept used :

Marked price = cost price + increment on cost price 

Selling price = Marked price – discount on marked price 

Calculations :

Let the cost price be 100x 

Marked price = 100x + 30% of 100x 

⇒ 130x 

Selling price = 130x – 35% 0f 130x 

⇒ 84.5x 

Required loss percent = (Cost price – selling price)/cost price) × 100

⇒ (100x – 84.5x)/(100x) × 100 

⇒ 15.5% 

∴ The loss percent will be 15.5.   

7. An article was sold at a loss of 15%. If it was sold for Rs. 1,035 more, then there would have been a profit of 8%. Find the cost price of the article.

एक वस्तु 15% की हानि पर बेचा गया। यदि इसे 1,035 अधिक रुपये में बेचा जाता, तो 8% का लाभ होता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।


Option”C” is correct

An article was sold at a loss of 15%

If it was sold for Rs. 1,035 more, then there would have been a profit of 8%

Formula used:

Sellin price(S.P) = {(100 ± profit/loss)/100} × Cost Price(C.P)

Calculation:

Let the Cost price of the article is 100x

So, Selling price will become

⇒ {(100 – 15)/100} × 100x

⇒ 85x

According to the question

⇒ 85x + 1035 = {(100 + 8)/100} × 100x

⇒ 85x + 1035 = 108x

⇒ 23x = 1035

⇒ x = 45

So, Cost price of the article is

⇒ 100 × 45 = 4500

∴ The Cost price of the article is Rs. 4500.

8. The selling price of a book, including the sales tax, is Rs.956.34. The rate of sales tax is 10%. If the shopkeeper has made a profit of 15%. then the cost price of the book is:

विक्रय कर सहित एक पुस्तक का विक्रय मूल्य 956.34 रुपये है। विक्रय कर की दर 10% है। यदि दुकानदार ने 15% का लाभ अर्जित किया। तो पुस्तक का क्रय मूल्य है:


Option”A” is correct

The selling price of a book, including the sales tax, is Rs.956.34

The rate of sales tax is 10%.

The shopkeeper made a profit of 15%.

Calculation:

Let the actual selling price be x

⇒ x + 10% x = 956.34

⇒ x + 10(x)/100 = 956.34

⇒ x + x/10 = 956.34

⇒ 11x/10 = 956.34

⇒ x = (956.34 × 10)/11

⇒ x = 869.4

Now let CP be 100

⇒ Profit % = 15%

⇒ SP = 100 × 115/100

⇒ SP = 115

⇒ 115 = 869.4

⇒ 1 = 869.4/115

⇒ CP = 100 × 869.4/115

⇒ CP = 756

∴ The cost price of a book is Rs.756. 

9. Ravi sells a chair to Mahan at a profit 10% and Mohan sells it to Govind at profit 20%. If Govind pays Rs. 1,320 for it. Then the cost price for Ravi is:

रवि, मोहन को 10% के लाभ पर एक कुर्सी बेचता है और मोहन इसे गोविंद को 20% के लाभ पर बेचता है। यदि गोविंद इसके लिए 1,320 रुपये का भुगतान करता है। तो रवि के लिए क्रय मूल्य है:


Option”B” is correct

Let Cost Price be Rs.x

⇒ After sells chair to Mahan at 10% CP becomes x × 110 / 100

⇒ This CP becomes SP for Govind. Govind got profit of 20% = x × (110 / 100) × 120 / 100

⇒ x (11 × 12) / 100 = 1320

⇒ x = (1320 × 100) /132

∴ CP of chair is Rs.1000

10. A man sold his bike for Rs. 25,000 at 25% profit. At what price would it he have sold if he had incurred a loss of 15%?

एक व्यक्ति ने अपनी बाइक 25% लाभ पर 25,000 रुपये में बेची। उसने इसे कितने मूल्य पर बेचा जिससे उसे 15% की हानि हुई?


Option”B” is correct

Selling price or the bike = Rs. 25000

Profit percentage = 25%

Formula used:

Profit % = {(SP – CP)/CP} × 100

Loss % = {(CP – SP)CP} × 100

CP = Cost price

SP = Selling price

Calculation:

25% profit = 5/4

15% loss = 17/20

According to the question,

Selling price should be (25000 × 4/5 × 17/20)

⇒ 20000 × 17/20

⇒ 1000 × 17

⇒ 17000

⇒ Selling price = Rs. 17000

∴ Required selling price is Rs. 17000

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